Clojure

Other Useful Functions and Macros

Boolean and comparison functions: = == identical? not= not true? false? nil?
Miscellaneous: identity dotimes time assert with-open

Creating functions

Function Example expression Return value

fn

(map (fn [x] (+ 2 x)) [1 2 3])

(3 4 5)

#() reader macro

(map #(+ 2 %) [1 2 3])

(3 4 5)

partial

(map (partial + 2) [1 2 3])

(3 4 5)

comp

(map (comp - *) [2 4 6] [1 2 3])

(-2 -8 -18)

complement

(map (complement zero?) [3 2 1 0])

(true true true false)

constantly

(map (constantly 9) [1 2 3])

(9 9 9)

Printing

Several functions are provided to print objects to the output stream that is the current value of *out*. The -str versions bind *out* to a StringWriter, print to that, and return the resulting string. pr prints the object(s), separated by spaces if there is more than one. prn does the same and follows it with a newline. print and println call pr and prn respectively, with *print-readably* (which defaults to true) bound to nil, which causes strings to print without surrounding quotes or any escape character encoding, and characters to print without the leading '\', or any escape character encoding. By default, pr and prn print in a way that objects can be read by the reader, while print and println produce output for human consumption. When *print-readably* is non-nil, the printing of metadata is toggled by *print-meta*, which defaults to nil.

Regex Support

Regex patterns can be compiled at read-time via the #"pattern" reader macro, or at run time with re-pattern. Both forms produce java.util.regex.Pattern objects.

user=> (re-seq #"[0-9]+" "abs123def345ghi567")
("123" "345" "567")
user=> (re-find #"([-+]?[0-9]+)/([0-9]+)" "22/7")
["22/7" "22" "7"]
user=> (let [[a b c] (re-matches #"([-+]?[0-9]+)/([0-9]+)" "22/7")]
         [a b c])
["22/7" "22" "7"]
user=> (re-seq #"(?i)[fq].." "foo bar BAZ QUX quux")
("foo" "QUX" "quu")